When building the motor, it will cost barely more than a built NA motor, including the turbo. Lets take the stock toyota 22RE. This does not count for a non-efi engine, unless you convert it to efi. I have no idea how those rail guys do it, but it is possible to run boost thru a carb (just not a good idea). Head work is a great idea, but not a necessity with boost.
For a turbo motor you only need rods, pistons, head studs(not even necessary) and the turbo kit with proper fuel provisions. Some ghetto ones can work here. Use the stock cam, stock intake manifold stock valves and upgrading the valve springs is a good idea, but not absolutely necessary on low boost levels.
To build an NA motor, you get new rods and pistons, a big lift cam and heavy duty valve springs/new valves, as well as a new stroker crank (which ruins your rod to stroke ratio, increases sideloading and cylinder wall wear, decreasing ring health and engine life). Also very expensive carbs seem to be the fueling solution of choice?
With a turbo you dont need to stroke the motor, so it saves money and is easier on the engine in the higher revs. If you have the stock computer and AFM you can toy with a lot of stuff to make the system read boost and add fuel accordingly. If you have a standalone (like erik) you are already set to run boost, just put a turbo, manifold and an intercooler on and reprogram the timing maps.
I own a turbo fabrication shop, we built our own EFI system for my 22r project truck, but still using the stock ignition from the Carb setup. Soon i will go to a standalone ignition computer too, but theres just never enough time. Heres a picture of a car we recently did a turbo setup on, its the fastest honda in the country, sorry i know its not relevant i just really like it
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